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MySQL: ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user

Diagnose and fix MySQL access denied errors caused by wrong passwords, auth plugin mismatches, or host restrictions.

MySQL produces "ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'user'@'host' (using password: YES)" when authentication fails due to a wrong password, incompatible authentication plugin, or host-based access restriction.

What Causes "ERROR 1045 Access denied" in MySQL

The password provided does not match the stored password hash for the specified user. On MySQL 8.0+, the default authentication plugin changed from mysql_native_password to caching_sha2_password. Older clients that do not support caching_sha2_password fail with error 1045 even with the correct password.

The MySQL user account has a host restriction. A user created as 'admin'@'localhost' can only connect from the local machine. Connections from remote IPs ( 'admin'@'203.0.113.50') are rejected.

How to Fix

  1. Reset the password if forgotten — see How to reset the MySQL root password.

  2. Switch the auth plugin for compatibility:

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '{YOUR_PASSWORD}';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  1. Create or modify the user with the correct host:
CREATE USER 'admin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '{YOUR_PASSWORD}';
GRANT ALL ON myapp.* TO 'admin'@'%';

MySQL: ERROR 2002 Socket error— connection fails before authentication. MySQL: ERROR 2003 Can't connect— TCP connection refused.

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